阳光玫瑰葡萄果粒和穗轴乙烯释放及VvETRs基因的表达模式分析

Analysis of ethylene release and expression patterns of VvETRs gene in berry and rachis of 'Shine-Muscat' rose grape

为探究乙烯在葡萄果实生长发育期和采后的释放规律,及其乙烯受体Vv ETRs基因的表达模式,本研究利用气相色谱仪分别测定了‘阳光玫瑰’整个生长发育期和采后的果粒和穗轴的乙烯释放量,利用荧光定量RTqPCR的方法检测了每个时期葡萄果粒和穗轴中乙烯受体Vv ETR基因家族的表达量。结果表明,葡萄果粒和穗轴乙烯释放的变化模式完全不同,葡萄果粒一直处于低乙烯释放水平,均低于0.12μL·kg^(-1)·h^(-1),随着果实的成熟,乙烯释放量趋近于0;葡萄穗轴的乙烯释放量明显高于果粒,在花后14和70 d存在乙烯释放峰值,分别为2.67和1.71μL·kg^(-1)·h^(-1)。果粒和穗轴中的Vv ETRs的表达模式不同,果粒中乙烯受体在生长发育前期表达量较高,而穗轴中乙烯受体则是在生长发育后期及采后表达量较高,且变化范围较大。果粒中受体基因的表达量变化受到穗轴乙烯的诱导和影响。果粒中乙烯受体基因Vv ETR4与乙烯释放量之间呈显著负相关关系,而穗轴中乙烯受体基因Vv ETR2与乙烯释放量之间呈显著正相关关系。

In order to explore the release and expression patterns of ethylene receptor genes during the growth and development and postharvest of grapes,the ethylene production and the relative expression of ethylene receptor genes in berry and rachis during the entire growth and postharvest period were measured by gas chromatograph in this study.Fluorescence quantitative RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of ethylene receptor ETR gene family in grape fruits and cobs at each stage.The results showed that the change patterns of ethylene release in grape fruits and cobs were completely different.The grape fruits were always at low ethylene release level,all lower than0.12μL·kg^-1·h^-1.As the fruits matured,the ethylene release amount wss close to0;the ethylene release of grape cobs was significantly higher than that of the fruits,and there were peaks of ethylene release at14and70d after flowering,which were2.67μL·kg^-1·h^-1and1.71μL·kg^-1·h^-1,respectively.The expression patterns of VvETRs in berry and rachis were different.The expression of ethylene receptors in berry were higher in early stage of growth and development,while the expression of ethylene receptors in rachis were higher in the late stage of development and postharvest.And the ethylene receptors varied greatly in the rachis.The expression level of ethylene receptor gene in the berry was induced and affected by the ethylene release of rachis.There was a significant negative correlation between ethylene receptor gene(VvETR4)and ethylene release in berry,and a significant positive correlation between ethylene receptor gene(VvETR2)and ethylene release in rachis.