长春地区郁金香引种与观赏特性研究

Study on Introduction and Ornamental Characteristics of Tylipa hybridus in Changchun

通过对长春公园引种栽培的35个郁金香(Tylipa hybridus)品种进行观测,结果表明,(1)不同品种郁金香物候表现不同,发芽最早的品种是‘微笑’、‘糖果贵族’、‘金阿波罗’,发芽最晚的品种是‘世界真爱’和‘检阅设计’,开花最早的品种为‘玛丽乔’,花开最晚的品种为‘阿奇拉’、‘检阅设计’;‘鲜艳春绿’的生育期最长55d,花期最长39d,‘构思的印象’生育期最短33d,花期最短16d。(2)不同品种郁金香花观赏特征不同,可分为9个色系,6个花型。叶片大多数为3-4片,呈条状披针形至卵状披针状,如‘鲜艳春绿’、‘新烛光’等为4-6片,‘红色印记’、‘黄普瑞斯玛’、‘微笑’、‘白普瑞斯玛’等叶片数为3片。盛花期持续天数最长的是‘月光’,长达16d,最短的是‘黑鹦鹉’5d;群体花期最长的是‘鲜艳春绿’39d,最短的花期是‘构思的印象’16d。通过以上观察结果可以筛选出盛花期8d以上和群体花期18d以上共25个品种作为下一年郁金香优良品种选择的依据。

This paper observes the varieties of 35 Tylipa hybridus introduced and cultivated in Changchun Park.The results showed that(1)the phenology of different varieties of tulips was different.The earliest varieties were'Smile','Candy Aristocrat','Gold Apollo',and the latest varieties were'World True Love'and'Review Design',the earliest flowering variety is'Mary Joe',the latest flowering variety is'Achila','Review Design';'Bright Spring Green'has a growth period of up to 55d,flowering period is up to 39d,'Conceptual Impression'has the shortest period of 33d and the flowering period is as short as 16d.(2)Different varieties of Tylipa hybridus have different ornamental characteristics and can be divided into 9 color systems and 6 flower patterns.Most of the leaves are 3-4 pieces,which are strip-shaped to ovate-like lanceolates,such as'Bright Spring Green'and'New Candlelight'etc.is 4-6 pieces,the number of leaves of'Red Mark','Yellow Prima','Smile','White Primus'is 3 pieces.The longest flowering period is‘Moonlight’,which is 16d long,and the shortest is‘Black Parrot’,which is 5d only;the longest flowering period is‘Light Spring Green’,which is 39d long,and the shortest flowering period is‘Conceptual Impression’,which is 16d only.