膜拜成员心理症状特征与焦点解决短期康复方法

The characteristics of cult members' psychological symptoms and solution-focused brief therapy

目的探讨膜拜成员的心理症状特征、缘由机制以及康复方法。方法采用人际信任、自我和谐、状态-特质焦虑、自测健康评定量表以及焦点解决咨询访谈法,以2014年1月～2017年5月期间所调查和咨访的陕西省63名膜拜成员和69名非膜拜人员为研究对象,对两组人员心理症状特征进行比较分析。结果①膜拜成员人际信任得分、自我和谐得分、自测健康总分显著低于对照组(t=-3.67,P<0.01;t=-2.34,P<0.05;t=-4.66,P<0.01);②膜拜成员特质焦虑得分显著高于对照组(t=5.67,P<0.01);③膜拜成员人际信任总分与健康总分呈显著正相关(r=0.271,P<0.05);自我和谐总分与健康总分呈显著负相关(r=-0.305,P<0.05);特质焦虑与健康总分呈显著负相关(r=-0.531,P<0.01);④回归分析显示特质焦虑对健康总分;自我和谐对社会健康具有显著预测作用,前者解释健康总分28.2%的变异量(F=23.942,P<0.01),后者解释社会健康8.3%的变异量(F=5.535,P<0.05)。结论膜拜成员心理症状特征表现为低人际信任、低自我和谐、低健康水平和高特质焦虑,即"三低一高"症状,原因系各种因素之间的交互作用,可采用焦点解决短期疗法进行心理康复。

Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the psychological symptom features,cause mechanism and rehabilitation of cult members.Methods From January2014to May2017,sixty-three cult members and sixty-nine none-cult members in Shaanxi Province have been interviewed,assessed and compared with the Interpersonal Trust Scale(ITS),the Self-Consistency Congruence Scale(SCCS),the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI),the Self-Rated Health Measurement Scale(SRHMS)and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy(SFBT).Results①The total scores of the Cult members were significantly lower than those of the control group in ITS,SCCS and SRHMS(t=-3.67,P<0.01;t=-2.34,P<0.05;t=-4.66,P<0.01);②Cult members scored significantly higher than the control group in STAI(t=5.67,P<0.01);③There was a significant positive correlation between cult members'total scores of ITS and their total scores of SRHMS(r=0.271,P<0.05);There was a significant negative correlation between cult members'total scores of SCCS and their total scores of SRHMS(r=-0.305,P<0.05);There was a significantly negative correlation between cult members'total scores of STAI and their total scores of SRHMS(r=-0.531,P<0.01);④Regression analysis showed that trait anxiety had a significant predictive effect on the overall health scores as with the total score of SCCS on social health.Trait anxiety explained28.2%of the variation in total health score(F=23.942,P<0.01)and the total score of SCCS explained8.3%of the variation in social health(F=5.535,P<0.05).Conclusion Cult members have obvious"three-low-and-one-high"symptom,namely,comparatively lower interpersonal trust,lower self-consistency,lower health level and higher trait anxiety.The reason lies in the interaction of various factors.Solution-focused brief therapy can be used for their mental rehabilitation.