论“西陵十子”的诗学思想

Research on the Poetic Thoughts of Ten Xiling Wits

"西陵十子"是清初著名的诗人群体,他们在继承明代复古诗学的同时多有修正与突破。"西陵十子"主张将抒情言志放在首位,反对将形式风格凌驾于情志之上,同时强调对"情"有所规范,力图将诗歌创作导向温厚和婉。"西陵十子"也非常重视形式风格,但不同于"明七子"尺寸古法,而是强调"遗筌舍筏",体现出更为鲜明的主体精神,同时提倡文采华丽,并将六朝与晚唐纳入宗法对象,拓宽了诗学视野。"西陵十子"虽主张复古,但力避"七子"诗学之弊,其主张更为圆通与合理,这也是由明入清后诗学发展的必然趋势。

Ten Xiling Wits was one of the most famous poet groups in the early Qing Dynasty.They inherited the poetic theory of Revivalist in Ming Dynasty to some extent.Meanwhile,they made many modification and breakthroughs.Ten Xiling Wits not only stressed the lyricism,but also objected to putting the stylistic mode above emotion.In the meantime,they advocated to limit emotion to gentleness and sincerity.On the basis of emotion,Ten Xiling Wits also paid much attention to the stylistic mode.They emphasized forgetting the means by which the end was attained,which was different from Pre-Post Seven Learned Men′s simulation and embodied distinct subjective spirit.In addition,they praised highly the gorgeous rhetoric and the Six Dynasties and the late Tang Dynasty.They tried to avoid the malpractices of Pre-Post Seven Learned Men and made their poetic theory more reasonable,which became an inevitable trend from Ming to Qing Dynasty.