1988～2010年南京城区湿地动态变化分析

Dynamic Changes Analysis of Urban Wetland in Nanjing from 1988 to 2010

利用1988～2010年的TM影像为数据源,以南京主城七区为重点,运用面向对象的多尺度分割方法,提取湿地并分类。结合气候和社会经济数据,对典型区域不同类型湿地的时空变化及驱动力进行深入分析。结果表明,1988年河流湖泊湿地和人工湿地面积分别为135.21 km^2和54.05 km^2;到2010年,二者面积分别为118.78 km^2和11.80 km^2,相应减少了12.15%和78.17%;受自然因素和人为因素驱动,南京城区湿地面积缩减严重,其中水田(人工湿地)减少较多,达42.25 km^2,各区中浦口区面积下降最多。湿地变化主要是湿地向非湿地转化,人工湿地面积缩减严重,因此对现有湿地保护是目前的重要任务之一。

Taking the TM data from 1988 to 2010 as data sources,using computer automatic classification techniques and object-oriented technology,focused on the seven areas in Nanjing City,we extracted and classified the wetlands thematic information in this paper.And then,combining with meteorological data and the humanities,we discussed the spatio-temporal changes of wetland in typical region of different types.The main results show that①in 1988,the rivers and lakes,and paddy field as well covered an area of 135.21 km^2 and an area of 54.05 km^2,and in 2010,it covered 118.78 km2 and 11.8 km^2.②Because of natural factors and human factors,the wetlands in study area declined severely.Among them,the paddy wetland decreases most,and among areas in study area,Pukou area declines most.③The change of wetland in study area is wetland to non-wetland(construction land).Among them,the paddy field(artificial wetland)decreased most,which is the focus of wetland protection.