政府新闻发言人话语身份的修辞建构

On the Rhetorical Construction of Discourse Identity of Government Spokespersons

政府新闻发言人作为政府和大众沟通的桥梁和纽带,作为媒体和公众关注的焦点和中心,其对自身和交际受体话语身份的修辞建构,有助于交际目标的圆满实现,有助于人们对政府形象的准确认知,有助于党和政府声音的有效传递。对此,以建构主义身份观和"语言建构论"为指引,即认为言语交际活动中话语与行为体身份的关系,不是"反映与被反映"的静态再现关系,而是"建构与被建构"的动态辩证关系,对政府新闻发言人在言语互动交际中对自身和交际受体话语身份及彼此间话语身份关系的修辞建构所要遵循的主要修辞策略,即"目的导向"策略、"语用移情"策略、"同一"策略和"交际受体意向"策略,进行了较为全面、深入的探讨与归纳。

As a bridge between government and the public,as well as the focus of media and the public’s attention,government spokespersons make contributions to successful complementary of communication goals,accurate recognition of the image of the government,and effective delivery of ideas of the party and the government,through rhetorical construction of discourse identities for themselves and communication receptors.Aiming at this,this paper is guided by the identity concept under constructivism and linguistic constructivism,which means that relationships between discourses and identities of actors in verbal communication are not static reproductions of reflecting and being reflected,but dynamic construction of constructing and being constructed.Meanwhile,comprehensive analyze is made on the main rhetorical strategies which government spokespersons follow in the rhetorical construction of discourse identities for themselves and communication receptors and discourse relationships between them,which are mainly the goal-oriented strategy,pragmatic empathy strategy,identical strategy and communication receptor-oriented strategy.