浅水海底管道气体泄漏运动特性

Movement Characteristics of Gas Leakage in Shallow Water Pipeline

为了进行海底管道输气工程的安全仿真研究,对管道的气体泄漏点进行定位和预报。以渤海浅水工况下的输气管道泄漏为背景,建立浅水气体泄漏的数学模型和有限元数值模型。通过两种模型对比、验证,得到泄漏气体水面上扩散半径和沿流方向偏移距离的关键数据,研究水下气体泄漏的运动规律。研究表明:数学模型与有限元数值模型计算结果较为吻合。海洋的潮流流向、泄漏口径(即泄漏率)大小影响泄漏气体的运动,泄漏气体到达水面的扩散半径随着泄漏率的增大而增大,流方向偏移距离随着泄漏率的增大而减小。

In order to study the safety simulation of the subsea pipeline gas transmission project,a forecast for the location of the leakage points is provided.Based on the gas pipeline leakage under the shallow water conditions in the Bohai Sea,the mathematical model and finite element numerical model of gas leakage in shallow water are established.Through the comparison and verification of the two models,the key data of the diffusion radius and the offset distance along the flow direction on the water surface are obtained,and the motion law of gas leakage underwater is studied.The research shows that the mathematical model is in good agreement with the finite element numerical model.The tidal flow direction and leakage diameter(i.e.leakage rate)of the ocean affect the movement of the leaking gas.The diffusion radius of the leaking gas reaching the water surface increases and the offset distance along the flow direction reduces with the increase of the leakage rate.