台湾高等教育服务贸易发展现状及其启示

Current Situation of Higher Education Service Trade in Taiwan and Its Enlightenment

【目的/意义】教育服务贸易是国际服务贸易中的一个重要新兴领域,梳理台湾高等教育服务贸易的现状特征,总结其发展过程中的经验及不足,并从中获得启示,以更好地促进我国大陆高等教育服务贸易的发展。【方法/过程】从贸易量、出口价格、出口市场结构和出口层次四方面分析了台湾教育服务贸易的现状,发现其存在出口规模与发达国家差距大、出口市场结构不够合理、贸易层次有待提高等问题,并将大陆高等教育服务贸易与台湾其进行了对比。【结果/结论】与台湾相比,大陆教育服务贸易在出口规模上具有绝对优势,而且出口市场结构较为合理,国际知名院校较多,但是存在国际化程度低,教育经费投入不足,专任教师的学历层次较低等劣势,针对这些方面提出促进我国大陆教育服务贸易发展的建议。

【Objective/Meaning】The education service trade is emerging as an important field of international service trade.In this paper,we summarized the current situation of higher education service trade in Taiwan and its experience and shortcomings in the development process to provide reference for that of China's Mainland.【Methods/Procedures】Through data graph,the trade volume,export price,export market structure and export level of Taiwan education service trade were analyzed,and several problems,i.e.,large disparity of export volume between Taiwan and developed countries,the unreasonable structure of export market,imperfect trade levels,were found existed in Taiwan higher education service trade.Then the higher education service trade of China's Mainland and Taiwan were comparatively analyzed.【Results/Conclusions】Compared with Taiwan,the education service trade of China's Mainland was found with advantages of larger export scale,more reasonable export market structure and having more internationally renowned universities,but with disadvantages of lower level of internationalization,insufficient investment and lower educational background of full-time teachers.Based on the above characteristics,the corresponding suggestions for the development of education service trade in China's Mainland were put forward.