美国多机构合作干预家庭暴力模式的实践与反思

Practice and Reflection of the Models of Multi-agency Cooperation for Domestic Violence Intervention in the U.S.A.

20世纪80年代开始,欧美很多国家制定了反家庭暴力的法律法规。为了落实法律的执行,司法界和社会服务领域开始了多机构合作干预家庭暴力的实践,学界也对此开展了很多理论和实务研究。通过系统梳理美国多机构合作干预家庭暴力的理论和实践,即德卢斯干预模式和协同性社区为本的模式出现的背景、理论基础和运作模式,分析其效果和存在的问题,可为中国建立自己的反家庭暴力多机构、多领域合作模式提供借鉴和启发,即多机构合作的形式和主导机构可以是多元化的,应建立一个有效的合作机制和工作程序,建立一个完整的培训、研究和评估体系,并确保服务质量。

From1980s,many European countries and U.S.A.have made many laws and regulations on anti-domestic violence.The judicial departments and social service agencies have initiated many programs and practices for the good implementation of above-mentioned laws and regulations.Meanwhile,the academia has conducted various theoretical and empirical researches.Through combing systematically the theories and practices of multi-agency cooperation mechanism in the U.S.A.,it analyzes the Duluth model and the model of CCR(coordinated community response),including the historical background,theoretical basis and efficiency and effectiveness,and disadvantages and lessons as well.It raises,basing on that,the suggestions for the establishment of Chinese practice of multi-agency cooperation mechanism,i.e.,diversified form and leading organization among multi-agency cooperation,an efficient and effective working mechanism and procedures,and a complete system for training,researching and evaluation to ensure quality of service.