从STEM到STEAM:课程理念的变迁与课程实施策略

From STEM to STEAM: the Change of Curriculum Idea and Curriculum Implementation Strategy

STEM教育到STEAM教育的转变是在科学性与人文性矛盾加剧、"互联网+教育"创新、市场对人才的新要求的背景下发生的。STEAM教育作为由STEM教育发展而来的一种教育方式,其创始人Georgette Yakman从他的角度阐释了转变的原因和STEAM教育的主要内涵。从STEM教育到STEAM教育,课程理念变迁主要包括:以学习者为中心,注重深度学习;注重学生交流、理解与审美创造能力;关注学生对科技道德的理解与对科技理性的认识。由此提出STEAM教育下的课程实施策略:在课程教学中嵌入道德与科技理性教育;高校和教师加强教育研究与学习;改进教学方式;利用校内外资源协同教育。

The change from STEM to STEAM happens in the context of the intensifying conflict between science and humanity,the innovation of“the Internet plus education”,and the new requirement of market for talents.STEAM education is an educational method developed from STEM education.Georgette Yakman,the founder of STEAM education,explains the reasons for the change and the main connotation of STEAM education from her point of view.From STEM education to STEAM education,the changes of curriculum ideas mainly include:be learner-centered with focus on deep learning;pay attention to students’communication,understanding and aesthetic creativity;pay attention to students’understanding of science and technology ethics and their understanding of science and technology rationality.The crnriculum implementation strategy of STEAM education is put forvard:embedding moral and science and technolog rational education into the curriculum;deepen education research and learning on the part of universities and teachers;improve teaching methods and utilize resources inside and outside the school to cooperate in education.