历史时期河北雄安地区佛教的嬗变及其特点

The Evolution and Characteristics of Buddhism in Xiong'an Area of Hebei in History

河北雄安地区的祠庙信仰包括佛、道以及民间信仰,其中佛教出现较早,也最有影响。它兴起于后魏,主要集中在今安新县境,隋唐时期开始向雄县等地扩延。北宋建立后在辽宋对峙的背景下,佛教发展势头一度放缓。金之后,雄安地区成为畿辅之地和政治核心区,佛教迅猛发展,元明时期达至高潮。佛寺主要分布于乡野村坊,元朝时仍主要集中在雄县,明代时安新县境则有了较大恢复,虽然与雄县佛寺数量仍有差距,但差距已大为缩小,呈现出县域间大致均衡发展的态势。这一时期虽然名僧名寺较少,但它深入民众底层,与儒、道及民间信仰进一步融合,日益世俗化、民间化,是研究中国佛教民间化、世俗化的一个绝佳样本。

Buddhism appeared earlier and had the most influence in Xiong'an area of Hebei province,which rose in the Wei Dynasty and developed slowly in the Northern Song Dynasty.In the Jin Dynasty Buddhism developed rapidly and reached its climax in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties.Temples scattered among villages.Although there were few famous monks and temples in this period,they further merged with Confucianism,Taoism and folk beliefs,and became increasingly secularized and popular,which is an excellent sample for studying the secularization of Buddhism in China.