试析《史记》文学经典的建构过程及其意义

On the Construction Process and Its Significance of the Literary Classics of Historical Records

在我国文化史上,文学经典著作有很多,司马迁的《史记》就是其中之一。《史记》之所以能够成为史学巨著,除了它本身所具备的与众不同的文学价值以外,还在于它作为文学经典的建构,也就是众多读者对《史记》所蕴含的文学价值的肯定以及阐释。汉代到唐朝,是其文学经典地位的奠定时期;宋代与元朝被看作是其地位的确立时期;在明朝与清代,它的地位得到了进一步巩固;到了近现代,它的地位得以不断加强。不同时代的读者对《史记》有着不同的认识,这样一来,《史记》作为文学经典也就逐渐被读者们建构了起来。

In the history of Chinese culture,there are many literary classics.Sima Qian's Historical Records is one of them.The reason why Historical Records can become a great historical work,in addition to its own unique literary value,is also the construction of its literary classics,that is,the recognition and interpretation of the literary values contained in Historical Records by many readers.From the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty,it was the establishment period of its literary classic status;The Song Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty were seen as the establishment period of the status;In the Ming and Qing dynasties,its status was further consolidated;In modern times,its status has been continuously strengthened.Readers of different eras have different understandings of Historical Records.As a result,the literary classics of Historical Records have gradually been constructed by readers.