浅析“心为实物”的隐喻意象

A Brief Study on the Metaphorical Images of “Xin(heart) as Entity”

隐喻是语言的基本特征。隐喻研究的重大意义在于它能够揭示语言与思维之间的关系[1]。隐喻意义来源于人类的身体经验和社会经验[2]。隐喻是人类认知世界和自身行为的一种基本模式,人类的概念始于对自身的认知。本文根据莱考夫和约翰逊的概念隐喻理论,对"心为实物"的隐喻意象,通过起源域为"心",目标域分别为"物"和"人"的映射语言实例进行简单的认知分析,即从"心"的外观形状、位置地位、容器属性、唯一存在、客体属性、轻重软硬、冷热特征、颜色特征等意象映射,探讨"心"在汉、英语言中的隐喻表达方式,揭示隐喻认知主体的认知过程与规律。

Metaphor is considered as the basic characteristic of a language.The great significance of the metaphor study lies in the possbility of revealing the relationships between the language and human thought.Metaphorical meanings come from human experiences physically or socially.Metaphor is a fundamental mode for human to cognize the world and to understand human behaviours.Human concept begins on self-cognition.Under the guidance of Lakoff and Johnson’s conceptual metaphor theory,and through the cognitive mapping from the origin domain“xin(heart)”to the target domain“object”or“human”,this brief study analyzes the metaphorical images examples,namely,Xin(heart)’s outward shape,location,container,uniqueness,object attributes,weight,colors,as well as hot,cold,hard,soft feature images,with the purpose of exploring the meaning constructions of Chinese“xin”and English“heart”and revealing the similarity and the discrepancy in recognition orientation between Chinese and English.