云南省某高校大学生心理健康状况与健康管理对策

Mental Health Status of Students and Corresponding Health Management Strategies in a University of the West of Yunnan Province

目的了解云南省某高校大学生失眠、焦虑和抑郁状况,并提出健康管理对策。方法于2016年4月,采用整群抽样方法对云南省某高校护理学院大学生进行问卷调查。调查问卷使用阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)。使用Epidata 3.0建立数据库和SPSS 19.0软件包进行数据处理和统计分析。结果共调查大学生865名,失眠、焦虑和抑郁发生率分别为26.13%(226/865)、24.50%(212/865)和23.70%(205/865)。除大二和大三学生失眠评分差异无统计学意义外(P>0.05),年级越高,失眠状况越严重(P<0.05)。大一学生抑郁状况最轻,大二学生抑郁状况最重(P<0.05),大三和大四学生抑郁评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。失眠与焦虑(r=0.258),失眠与抑郁(r=0.277),焦虑与抑郁(r=0.668)均成正相关(P<0.01)。非条件Logistic回归分析显示,焦虑(OR=5.864,P=0.000,95%CI:2.307～6.863)、抑郁(OR=3.534,P=0.000,95%CI:1.227～5.006)是大学生失眠的影响因素。结论大学生存在一定的失眠、焦虑和抑郁状况,应有针对性的加强健康教育和干预,进行有效的健康管理。

Objective To analysis the status of insomnia,anxiety and depression of students in a university of the west of Yunnan Province and put forward the health managements strategies.Methods In April 2016,all of the students from nursing college of university were surveyed with questionnaire by cluster sampling.The questionnaire consisted of Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS),self rating Depression Scale(SDS)and self rating Anxiety Scale(SAS).Database was established by the EpiData 3.0 software,and the SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results A total of 865 students were investigated.The prevalence of insomnia,anxiety and depression were26.13%(226/865),24.50%(212/865)and 23.70%(205/865),respectively.In addition,the more higher the grade,the more serious the insomnia(P<0.05)except for the score of insomnia between the sophomore and the junior(P>0.05).The lightest depression were in freshman and the worst were in sophomore(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in depression scores between the seniors and the seniors(P>0.05).There were three groups positively correlated(P<0.01)as follows:insomnia and anxiety(r=0.258),insomnia and depression(r=0.277),anxiety and depression(r=0.668).Non conditional logistic regression analysis showed that anxiety(OR=5.864,95% CI:2.307~6.863),depression(OR=3.534,95% CI:1.227~5.006)were the influence factors of insomnia.Conclusion The college students have a certain status of insomnia,anxiety and depression.Strategies,such as strengthen health education and intervention,carry out effective health management,should be put into practice.