基于交通强国的大数据交通治理:挑战、机遇与对策

Research on the Path Optimization of Traffic Governance Using Big Data:Challenges,Opportunities and Countermeasures

大数据成为交通治理重要资源,大数据重塑交通治理。逾越大数据交通治理面临的挑战和难题,积极推进交通治理体系和治理现代化建设,是实现交通强国战略的重大使命。大数据交通治理需要兼顾大数据交通的物理属性和社会属性,体现交通治理的民主化、法治化、制度化、科学化、公平化和效能化。交通运输业与各行业数据的联系日趋紧密,为大数据交通发展带来机遇,主要表现在提升交通治理的科学决策能力、提升交通行业社会服务能力、提升交通治理应急管理能力等方面。大数据交通治理的挑战,主要表现为交通治理缺乏大数据意识,交通治理缺乏大数据技术和专业人才,交通治理的大数据使用出现了新的数字鸿沟、数据崇拜、"碎片化"等问题。大数据交通治理的重点,在于树立大数据交通治理思维,确定大数据交通治理为交通强国战略的组成部分,完善社会参与大数据交通治理的机制。

Big data has become an important resource for traffic governance,and is reshaping traffic governance.The great missions of realizing the strategy of the traffic power are to overcome the challenges faced by data traffic governance,to promote the traffic control system and the modernization of the traffic governance.Big data traffic governance needs to take into account both the physical attributes and social attributes of big data traffic,reflect the democratization,legalization,institutionalization,scientization,fairness,and efficiency of governance.The data connection has become increasingly close between the transportation industry and other industries,which has brought opportunities for the development of big data traffic,mainly in improving the scientific decision-making ability of traffic governance,improving the social service capabilities of the transportation industry,and improving the emergency management capabilities of traffic governance.The challenges of big data traffic governance are mainly reflected in the lack of big data awareness and talents of traffic governance.There are also new digital divides,data cult,"fragmentation"and other issues in the use of big data.The focus of big data traffic governance is to establish the thought of big data traffic governance,guarantee the governance of big data traffic to be part of the strategy for building a transportation power,and improve the mechanism for social parties to participate in big data traffic governance.