文山植烟土壤主要养分丰缺评价及施肥建议

Nutrient Deficiency Assessment and Management Suggestion of Tobacco Planting Soil in Wenshan

为全面掌握文山植烟土壤养分状况,采用GPS定位技术在文山烟区采集土壤样本142个,利用地统计学和GIS技术对文山烟区植烟土壤pH、有机质、主要养分、中量元素和微量元素进行了丰缺评价,并提出了施肥建议。结果显示,文山州植烟土壤有机质含量基本适宜,均值为27.22 g/kg,有机质含量为"中等"(20～<30 g/kg)和"高"(30～40 g/kg)的植烟土壤分布面积分别为69.65%和30.29%;文山州植烟土壤全氮含量中等,均值为1.45 g/kg,大部分面积的土壤全氮含量中等偏上,35.18%面积的植烟土壤全氮含量偏高;文山州植烟土壤碱解氮含量中等,均值为116.75 mg/kg,约有45.04%的植烟土壤碱解氮含量偏高,土壤碱解氮含量处于适宜范围的面积占54.96%;文山州植烟土壤全磷含量偏低,均值为0.70 g/kg,分别有72.15%和27.83%的面积为"很低"和"低",总体上文山州烟区全磷含量较低;文山州植烟土壤有效磷基本适宜,平均为20.83 mg/kg,60.31%面积的植烟土壤速效磷含量处于最适宜范围,有38.02%面积的植烟土壤速效磷含量偏低。文山州植烟土壤速效钾含量丰富,平均为163.13 mg/kg,72.99%的区域植烟土壤速效钾为"高"或"很高",27.01%的面积的区域植烟土壤速效钾为"中等"。

In order to master the nutrient status of tobacco-growing soil in Wenshan,142soil samples were collected by GPS positioning technology in Wenshan tobacco-growing area.The abundant and deficient evaluation of pH,organic matter,main nutrients,middle and trace elements in tobacco-growing soil in Wenshan tobacco-growing area was carried out by geostatistics and GIS technology,and fertilization suggestions were put forward.Ressearch results showed that the average content of organic matter in tobacco planting soils in Wenshan was 27.22g/kg,the average content of organic matter in tobacco planting soils were‘moderate’(20-<30g/kg)and‘high’(30-40g/kg),the distribution areas of tobacco planting soils in Wenshan were 69.65% and 30.29%,respectively;the total nitrogen content in tobacco planting soils in Wenshan was moderate,the average value was1.45g/kg,most of which was1.45g/kg.The total nitrogen content of tobacco planting soils in Wenshan Prefecture was 116.75mg/kg,and about 45.04%of tobacco planting soils had high content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen.The total phosphorus content of tobacco planting soils in Wenshan Prefecture was 54.96%.The content of available phosphorus in tobacco-growing soils in Wenshan Prefecture was 20.83mg/kg on average,and the content of available phosphorus in 60.31%tobacco-growing soils was in the most suitable range,with 38.02%planting area.The content of available phosphorus in tobacco soil was low.The content of available potassium in tobacco-growing soils in Wenshan Prefecture was rich,averaging 163.13mg/kg,72.99%of the tobacco-growing soils were‘high’or extremely‘high’and 27.01%of the tobacco-growing soils were‘medium’.