昌都高寒草甸草原3种有毒植物营养成分分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Components of Three Main Poisonous Plants in Changdu Alpine Meadow Grasslands

高寒草甸类草原是西藏昌都地区最主要的草地类型,为评价该草地类型主要优势有毒植物营养价值,为其资源化利用提供基础数据。以瑞香狼毒、茎直黄芪和丛生黄芪为试验材料,采用常规营养指标测定法,对3种有毒植物常规营养成分、矿物质元素和氨基酸含量进行测定。结果显示,3种有毒植物粗蛋白(CP)含量从高至低依次为丛生黄芪17.62%、茎直黄芪14.09%和瑞香狼毒9.74%,粗灰分含量从高至低依次为茎直黄芪13.65%、丛生黄芪12.44%和瑞香狼毒9.28%,粗纤维含量从高至低依次为茎直黄芪24.76%、瑞香狼毒19.97%和丛生黄芪18.49%;矿物质元素(Cu、Mn、Fe、K、Zn、Ca、Mg、P)含量丛生黄芪最为丰富,其次为茎直黄芪。此外,3种有毒植物都含有17种氨基酸,瑞香狼毒总含量为8.03%,茎直黄芪为11.43%,丛生黄芪为26.80%。结果表明,3种有毒植物营养较为丰富,具有饲草化利用的潜力,可作为一种潜在的饲草资源合理利用。

Alpine meadow grasslands are the most important grassland type in the Changdu region of Tibet.In order to evaluate the nutritional values of the dominant poisonous plants in this grassland type,basic data are provided for its resource utilization.In this study,Stellera chamaejasme,Astragalus strctus and Astragalus confertus were used as experimental materials,the routine nutrients,mineral elements and amino acids of three poisonous plants were measured by the national standard method for the determination.The results showed that the contents of crude protein(CP)from high to low order in three plants were17.62%of Astragalus confertus,14.09%of Astragalus strctus and9.74%of Stellera chamaejasme;The contents of crude ash were13.65%of Astragalus strctus,12.44%of Astragalus confertus and9.28%of Stellera chamaejasme;crude fiber contents were24.76%of Astragalus strctus,19.97%of Stellera chamaejasme and18.49%of Astragalus confertus.The most abundant in mineral elements(Cu,Mn,Fe,K,Zn,Ca,Mg,P)was Astragalus confertus,followed by Astragalus strctus.In addition,the three plants all contains17amino acids and the total content was8.03%of Stellera chamaejasme,11.43%of Astragalus strctus and26.80%of Astragalus confertus.The results showed that the three poisonous plants were more nutritious and had the potential of forage utilization,which could be used as a potential forage resource.