哈密天然草地资源现状与保护利用对策

Status of Natural Grassland Resource in Kumul Prefecture and Its Protection and Utilization Strategy

天然草地因其承载着草牧业生产和维护生态平衡等多重属性,使得天然草地资源的可持续利用已成为当今社会经济可持续发展关注的热点问题。哈密位于中国的西北边陲,是我国传统的牧区之一,天然草地资源呈现减少趋势。本文通过分析新疆哈密地区天然草地资源类型、天然草地面积、载畜量、生态服务价值、生产性能及管理利用方式,认为哈密天然草地具有水热资源丰富、西北部巴里坤县境内更适合发展草牧业的特点,但也存在分布偏远零散、利用不平衡、管理不精细等不足。针对该区域天然草地资源利用和保护中存在的问题,提出了较为可行的天然草地资源保护及合理利用的有效途径,为哈密地区草地畜牧业发展和天然草地资源可持续管理提供了基础数据及决策依据。

The sustainable utilization of natural grasslands has become the hot issue that is focused by today's sustainable economic and social development,because natural grasslands carry multiple attributes,including grazing industry and ecological balance.Kumul,located in the northwest border of China,is one of the traditional pastoral regions in China,but its natural grasslandshas been decreasing.After analysis of grassland types,natural grasslands area,stocking capacity,ecological service value,productive features and utilization conditions in Kumul prefecture,the paper considers that natural grasslands in Kumul are with rich water and heat resources,and Barkol county is more suitable for grazing industry,but there are also some disadvantages,such as,?being remote and scattered,imbalances and imprecise management.Based on the above issues in this region,the paper points out the feasible and effective approach to protect and use the natural grasslands,and provides reference and basic data for sustainable management of natural grasslands and development of animal husbandry.