老年与青年下肢关节生物力学特征研究

Biomechanics of Lower Limb Joints of the Elderly and the Young

目的应用三维步态分析系统评估日常活动中老年人与青年人的差异性,分别为其提供针对性的日常生活指导。方法老年组10例健康老年人,其中男3例,女7例;年龄平均(69±12.42)岁。青年组10例健康青年人,其中男6例,女4例;年龄平均(26.29±2.29)岁。应用Vicon运动分析系统与骨肌多体动力学软件比较运动学和动力学参数。结果老年组水平行走时步行周期较青年组增大,跨距减小(P<0.01)。水平行走过程中老年组个体间差异较大(P>0.05),老年组的踝关节合力峰值大于青年组(P<0.05)。结论三维步态分析在指导老年人日常生活保护有较好的实用价值。老年人应适当增加运动锻炼,可行步态矫正训练与矫形鞋垫等超早期干预。

Objective To evaluate the differences between the elderly and young people in daily activities with a three-dimensional gait analysis system and provide them subject-specific guidance.Methods The elderly group consisted of ten healthy elderly people.The young group consisted of ten young healthy people.The kinematics and kinetic parameters were compared using the Vicon 3-dimensional motion analysis system and the skeletal muscle multi-body dynamics software.Results The walking cycle of the elderly group was higher than that of the young group when walking horizontally,and the span decreased(P<0.01).Individual differnce for kinematic/kinetic parameters occurred among elderly people.The maximal ankle contact forces were higher than the young group(P<0.05).Conclusion The three-dimensional gait analysis has a better predictive value for the risk of osteoarthritis in the middle-aged and the elderly.Older people should increase physical exercise,feasible early gait modification training program and orthopedic insoles.