云南不同地区野生梨果实品质综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of wild pear fruit quality in different regions of Yunnan

为综合比较云南野生梨果实品质特征,对云南省弥渡、南涧、宜良和祥云地区26个野生梨地方品种果实外观和内在共9项品质指标进行测定,并通过相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等对果实品质进行分析。结果表明,所采集的野生梨果实平均单果质量为326.00 g;果实硬度分布于6.67～14.90 kg/cm2之间,平均值9.34 kg/cm2;可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可滴定酸及维生素C的含量均值分别为11.38%、5.17%、0.30%、3.69%。通过主成分分析共提取了4个主成分,其中第1、2、4主成分主要与果实内在风味有关,第3主成分与果实外在品质有关。将其按照品质指标的不同分为良好、中等、较差3大类,其中‘安宁小火把梨’和‘香酥梨’的综合排序较靠前,品质较好,具有推广潜力。

In order to comprehensively compare fruit quality characteristics of wild pears in Yunnan,appearance andinternal quality indexes of26local cultivars of wild pear fruits in four regions of Midu,Nanjian,Yiliang and Xiangyunof Yunnan were measured and analyzed by correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.Theresults showed that average single fruit mass of wild pear fruits collected was326.00g;fruit firmness was between6.67and14.9kg/cm^2,and average value was9.34kg/cm^2;average contents of soluble solids,soluble sugar,titratable acid andvitamin C were11.38%,5.17%,0.30%and3.69%,respectively.A total of four principal components were extracted inprincipal component analysis,of which the first,second and fourth principal components were mainly related to intrinsicflavor in fruit,and the third principal component was related to external quality in fruit.According to quality indexes,they were divided into3groups:good,medium and poor.Among them,‘Anning Xiaohuoba Pear’and‘Crispy Pear’wereforemost in comprehensive ranking,and they had better quality and had promotion potential.