我国学前教育纳入义务教育体系的困境与突破路径

The Dilemma and Breakthrough Path of Including Preschool Education into Compulsory Education System in China

学前教育是基础教育的基础阶段,将其纳入义务教育体系能有效保障学前儿童的受教育权。然而,学前教育产品部分私有性与义务教育纯公共产品之间存在一定的张力,且学前教育的双重任务与义务教育的免费性之间有着一定的市场悖论,所以将其纳入义务教育体系面临制度困境。其实,学前教育属于准公共产品,具有纳入义务教育的法理空间,同时,学前教育纳入义务教育体系,具有国际范例。此外,我国目前的经济实力有能力支付学前教育费用。因此,学前教育宜纳入义务教育体系。为此,我们可以分阶段地实施学前义务教育制度,并利用教育券等手段逐渐将学前教育纳入义务教育体系。

reschool education is the stage of basic education,including it into the compulsory education system can protection effectively right to the education of pre-school children.However,there is a certainlydifferent between the partiallyprivate nature of pre-school education and the pure public products of compulsory education.There is a certain market paradox between the dual tasks of pre-school education and the free nature of compulsory education,so the inclusion of it into the compulsory education system faces dilemma of system.In fact,preschool education belongs to quasi-public products and has a legal space for into the compulsory education.At the same time,preschool education is included into the compulsory education system and has international examples.In addition,Chinese economic strength is capable of paying pre-school education expenses.Therefore,pre-school education should be included into the compulsory education system.To this end,we can implement the preschool compulsory education system in stages,and use education vouchers and other means to preschool education gradually included into the compulsory education system.