不同放牧方式对草场放牧压力的影响研究——以绵羊群日活动轨迹为视角

Study on the Grazing Pressure of Grassland by Different Grazing patterns——From the Perspective of the Daily Activity Track of Sheep Flock

以中蒙边境内蒙古那仁宝拉格苏木和蒙古国纳兰苏木牧户的绵羊群为例,通过aLocoh和Kernel Den-sity Estimator法,结合实地植物采样,对不同放牧方式下绵羊群日运动轨迹进行了对比研究,结果表明:定居放牧方式下绵羊群对草场的采食压力较大,不利于草场的自我修复,草场生产力下降几率高于游牧方式;定居放牧方式下绵羊群对活动草场的踩踏压力值高,草原生态退化的风险几率高于游牧方式;不同的放牧方式可能导致草原生产力的降低和草原生态系统的破坏。

The article takes the sheep flock of Narenbaolago Sumu in Inner Mongolia and Nalan Sumu in Mongolia as an example.The methods of aLocoh and Kernel Density Estimator combined with field plant sampling were used to compare the trajectories of the flocks in different grazing patterns.The conclusions are as follows:First,under the pattern of Settled grazing,the flocks have a greater pressure on the grassland,which is not conducive to the self-repair of the pasture,and the probability of decline in grassland productivity is higher than that of nomadic pattern;Second,the risk of stepping on the grassland is high under the method of colonization and rotation,and the risk of grassland ecological degradation probability is higher than the nomadic way;Finally,Different grazing patterns may lead to a decline in grassland productivity and destruction of grassland ecosystems.