莲子心化学成分及其提取、药理作用的研究进展

Recent Advances in Chemical Components, Extraction and Pharmacological Effects of Nelumbinis Plumula

莲子心(Nelumbinis Plumula)是睡莲科植物莲(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)的成熟种子中的干燥幼叶及胚根,具有清心安神、止咳化痰、降血脂、止血抗炎、抗氧化、抗艾滋病、抗血栓、保护肝肺肾、保护中枢神经系统等功效。莲子心中的化学成分主要为生物碱类,此外还有黄酮类、多糖类和挥发油等成分。本文对莲子心的主要化学成分的提取方法进行了综述,并总结了国内外对莲子心化学成分的结构及药理作用的研究进展,以期为莲子心资源的开发利用提供参考。

Nelumbinis Plumula is the dried spire and radicle of the mature seeds of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.,a plant of the Nymphaeaceae family.It can clear away heart fire and soothe nerves,relieve cough and reduce sputum.Moreover,it has hemostatic,anti-inflammatory,hypolipidemic,anti-human immunodeficiency virus and antithrombotic effects and protects the liver,lung and kidney as well as the central nervous system.The major chemical components of Nelumbinis Plumula are alkaloids,along with flavonoids,polysaccharides and volati le oils.This paper reviews the methods used to extract the major chemical constituents from Nelumbinis Plumula and summarizes recent progress in understanding the structure and pharmacological effects of some chemical components.This review is expected to provide the basis for the development and utilization of Nelumbinis Plumula.