认知增强药物的伦理问题及对策

Ethical Problems and Countermeasures of Cognitive Enhancement Drugs

药物认知增强分为传统、胆碱酯酶抑制剂和新型认知增强药物。赞成使用认知增强药物观点的评析内容包括权力与自由、自主性、目的论的主张和消除不平等论,反对观点的评析包括安全性、破坏人的自主性、奋斗价值和破坏社会公正。需先立法以加强监督,通过向公众科普,发挥社会舆论监督的作用。认知增强药物的使用应按照超说明书用药标准管理,先后通过医院药事管理委员会和伦理委员会审查,明确使用者、知情同意、药物管理以及跟踪审查等,确保合理合规。

Cognitive enhancement drugs are divided into traditional cholinesterase inhibitors and new cognitive enhancement drugs.Evaluation and analysis content in favor of the use of cognition enhancement drugs include power and freedom,autonomy,teleological propositions and the elimination of inequality,and the evaluation and analysis content of opposing viewpoints include security,destruction of human autonomy,struggle value and destruction of social justice.It needs to legislate first in order to strengthen supervision,and play the supervision of public opinion through the popular public.The use of cognitive enhancement drugs should be managed according to the standard of off-label drug use,be reviewed by the hospital pharmacy management committee and the ethics committee,and clear the users,informed consent,drug management and tracking review,so as to ensure reasonable compliance.