城乡—区域双重分割下的城市流动人口社会距离研究

A Study on the Social Distance of Floating Population under Double Segmentation

文章利用2014年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,考察了城乡、区域双重分割下城市流动人口与迁入城市居民社会距离的群体性差异及其影响因素。研究发现:(1)不同流动人口群体与城市居民社会距离存在显著差异,省际乡城迁移流动人口与迁入城市居民之间的社会距离最大;(2)城市流动人口与本市居民间社会距离的区域分割效应显著大于城乡分割;(3)城乡—区域双重分割对拉大城市流动人口与本市居民两大群体之间的社会距离具有明显的强化叠加效应;(4)城市流动人口受教育程度与社会参与度越高,迁入城市时间越长,与本市居民之间的社会距离越小。文章认为,要缩小流动人口与迁入城市居民之间的社会距离,促进流动人口在迁入城市的社会融合,必须加大力度推进以户籍制度为基础的二元社会体制的改革,增强域乡间与区域间的包容性,提高对流动人口的公共服务水平,并逐步将流动人口纳入城市公共服务体系。

Based on data of the national sample survey of floating population in 2014,this paper compares the social distances between floating population and local urban residents from the perspectives of urban-rural segmentation and regional segmentation.The findings of the study are as follows.(1)the social distance differs significantly between various groups of floating population and urban residents.This is especially severer between provincial rural migrants and urban residents.(2)The regional segmentation is significantly greater than the urban-rural segmentation regarding the social distance between migrants and urban residents.(3)The double segmentation has a superimposed effect on the social distance between the floating population and urban residents.(4)The higher socioeconomic status and social participation help the floating population to narrow down their social distance from the urban residents.In order to promote the social integration of the floating population in the urban areas,it is vital to promote reforms of the dual social system related with the household registration system,enhance the regional inclusiveness,improve public services for the floating population,and to speed up the citizenization of floating population.