义务教育学校规模与学生安全关系的实证研究

Empirical Research on the Relationship between School Size of Compulsory Education and Students' Security

较之学校规模与教育成效、学校规模与办学成本的关系研究,我国学校规模与学生安全的关系研究还很薄弱,迄今为止还没有开展实证研究。采用问卷调查方法,对广东省义务教育学校校长进行随机抽样调查,统计分析结果表明,在对学校位置、学生来源、学校场地、学校设施设备、学校服务半径、学生安全教育状况等变量进行控制的情况下,学校规模完全通过班级规模影响学生伤害发生的频率;在控制学校位置、学生来源、学校场地、学校设施设备、学生安全教育状况等因素的情况下,学校规模部分通过学校服务半径间接地影响学生伤害发生的频率;小学规模不宜超出1 200人,初级中学规模控制在2 000人以下比较合适。无论学校规模大小,都需要遵循"就近入学"原则,严控班级规模和学校服务半径,落实校车保障服务的政府职责,重在事先预防学生伤害,而非事后追责。

Compared with the study on the relationship between school size,educational achievement and school-running cost,study on the relationship between school size and students’security is rather weak,with no related empirical research at all so far.This study investigated compulsory school principals by random sampling.The result showed that,school size had an effect on students’injuries by class size entirely if we controlled the variables such as school location,student background,school grounds,school facilities,service radius of school and safety education;school size had an effect on students’injuries by service radius of school partly if we controlled the variables such as school location,student background,school grounds,school facilities and safety education;it is reasonable that primary school size should be controlled within1200students and secondary school size should be controlled within2000students.In addition,we should carry out nearby enrollment policy,control class size and service radius of school.Our government should perform the duty of school bus assurance service.We should put emphasis on preventing students’injuries,not just accountability afterwards.