厚竹孕笋成竹期竹鞭系统内源激素动态变化

Dynamic changes of endogenous hormones in rhizome system in Phyllostachys edulis 'Pachyloen' during young bamboo's developing process

为了揭示厚竹孕笋成竹过程中竹鞭系统内源激素的分布特征和动态变化规律,探索内源激素间的协同和拮抗作用对厚竹孕笋成竹的调控作用。采集厚竹笋芽萌动期、竹笋速生期和新竹长成期竹鞭的鞭节间、鞭节、鞭根和鞭芽,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),测定吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)、赤霉素(GA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)和脱落酸(ABA)质量分数,分析4种内源激素的分布特征、动态变化及各种激素间的比值。结果表明:厚竹在孕笋成竹过程中,竹鞭系统4个器官中各个时期均是IAA和ABA质量分数显著高于GA和ZR,新竹长成期鞭根中IAA质量分数显著高于ABA,鞭节中ABA质量分数显著高于IAA。同一发育期仅竹笋快速生长期鞭节间的GA质量分数显著高于鞭根;同一器官中各种内源激素的绝对质量分数排序在不同发育期不同。随着竹林系统生长中心的转移,竹鞭系统中内源激素质量分数会发生相应变化,但不同内源激素的动态变化趋势和变化幅度不同。相同发育期内不同器官中各种内源激素所占的质量份数差异较小,但同一器官中相同的内源激素比值在不同发育期之间却差异较大。从孕笋到成竹,4种器官中ZR/GA值均逐渐增大且差异显著,笋芽膨大期鞭芽中ZR/IAA值显著偏低,鞭节间、鞭根和鞭芽中GA/IAA值显著高于新竹长成期。综合分析得知:不同的内源激素对厚竹生长发育的影响和调控作用不同,内源激素间的协同和拮抗作用较大,其中ZR和GA间的协同或拮抗作用影响显著。

In order to reveal the distribution characteristics and dynamic changing patterns of endogenous hormones in the rhizome system of Phyllostachys edulis‘Pachyloen’during the reproducing process,explore how the synergistic and antagonistic effects among endogenous hormones control the reproducing process,we collected rhizome internode,rhizome joint,rhizome root,and rhizome bud of P.edulis‘Pachyloen’during bud sprouting,bamboo growing,and new bamboo growing periods,applied enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method,measured the content of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA),gibberellin(GA),zeatin riboside(ZR),and abscisic acid(ABA),analyzed the distribution and dynamic changes of these4endogenous hormones and the ratio of their content.Our results show that,during all periods in the reproducing process,in the rhizome system’s all four organs,contents of IAA and ABA are significantly higher than GA and ZR;in new bamboo growing period,the content of IAA is significantly higher than that of ABA in rhizome root,and the content of ABA is significantly higher than that of IAA in rhizome joint.During the same growing period,the content of GA is higher in rhizome internode than that in rhizome root in the shoot rapid growing period.The ordering of the absolute content of these endogenous hormones in the same organ varies with developmental stages.As the growing center of entire forests shifts,the content of endogenous hormone in the rhizome system changes correspondingly,but the changing trend and amplitude is different for different hormones.In the same growing period,the content of different endogenous hormones is similar in different organs,however,the ratios among hormone contents within the same organ varies relatively large across different growing periods.In all four organs,the ZR/GA ratio increases gradually in the reproducing process and changes significantly;during bud enlarging period,the ZR/IAA ratio of rhizome bud is very low;but in rhizome internode,rhizome root and rhizome bud,the GA/IAA ratio is significantly higher than new bamboo growing period.We conclude our analysis as follows:different endogenous hormones have different effects on the growth and development of P.edulis‘Pachyloen’,the synergistic and antagonistic functions among different hormones have relatively large impact over the reproducing process,among which the most significant one is the synergistic or antagonistic function between ZR and GA.