产业集聚对收入分配的影响机制与效应差异分析

The Analysis on the Influence Mechanism and Effect Difference of Industrial Agglomeration on Income Distribution

经济的快速发展使城乡居民收入水平有较大提高,但城乡收入差距却逐渐扩大,原因之一是结构性错配。产业集聚通过影响产业结构变化而对城乡收入差距产生影响。构建理论分析模型,阐述产业集聚对城乡收入差距的作用机制;利用省级面板数据,运用面板固定效应模型广义矩估计方法,引入地区虚拟变量和产业集聚虚拟变量,实证检验产业集聚的收入分配效应;并以政府参与经济程度为门槛变量,比较分析政府参与经济程度在产业集聚收入分配效应中的异质性作用。结果表明:产业集聚有利于缩小收入分配差距,且存在地区性差异和阶段性特征;但收入分配效应随着产业集聚度提高而递减,产业集聚度为中度集聚时,收入分配效应最为显著;政府参与经济程度存在适度区间,当政府参与经济程度介于0. 131和0. 206之间时,产业集聚的收入分配效应最为显著。新时期改进收入分配结构,不仅要关注产业集聚的影响,还要深层次地关注政府参与经济程度不同所带来的异质性。

The rapid economic development has greatly improved the income level of urban and rural residents,but the income distribution gap is gradually widening,one of the reasons is the structural mismatch.Industrial agglomeration influences the income distribution gap by influencing the change of industrial structure.The theoretical analytical model is constructed to explain the mechanism of industrial agglomeration on the income distribution.Using the provincial panel data and the generalized method of moment estimation(GMM)of the fixed effect model of the panel data,as well as introducing dummy variables of region and industrial agglomeration,this paper demonstrates the income distribution effect of industrial agglomeration.With government participation as the threshold variable,this paper also does a comparative analysis on the heterogeneity of industrial agglomeration's influence on income distribution gap under government participation by using threshold model of panel.This study finds that industrial agglomeration will help to narrow the income distribution gap,and the regional differences and periodical characteristics do exist.As the degree of industrial agglomeration increases,its income distribution effect declines.The income distribution effect becomes most pronounced under the condition of moderate industrial agglomeration.There is an appropriate interval for the degree of government participation.The income distribution effect of industrial agglomeration becomes most pronounced when the degree of government participation is between0.131and0.206.To improve the income distribution in the new era,we should not only pay attention to the influence of industrial agglomeration,but also to the heterogeneity of the influence of industrial agglomeration when government gets involved.