钢铁冶炼尘两种采样方法PM_(2.5)中元素的比较研究

A comparative study on the elements of PM_(2.5) in two sampling methods of steel dust

通过系统随机采样法和稀释通道采样法分别对钢铁行业下载灰和烟道飞灰中7个采样点的样品进行采集,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)对元素进行检测,运用分歧系数、相关样本非参数检验和曲线拟合对元素特征和含量进行比较研究.结果表明:两种方法采集到的颗粒物样品中Fe、Ca、Si、Mg、Al、K、Ti、Na和Ba元素含量较高;不同城市间不同采样方法所得元素含量总体趋势一致,但含量上存在较大差异;分歧系数结果表明两种采样方法间总体元素特征必定不相似;相关样本非参数检验和曲线拟合表明除Cr、Cs、Cu、Tl外其他元素含量存在显著性差异,通过曲线拟合对存在显著性差异的元素进行分析,可得到两种采样方法间各元素的相关关系.

Samples of seven sampling points of download ash and flue fly ash were collected by the system random sampling method and dilution channel sampling method,respectively.The elements were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-OES),using coefficient of divergence,two related samples nonparametric test(Wilcoxon)and curve fitting for a comparative study of elemental characteristics and content.The results showed that the contents of Fe,Ca,Si,Mg,Al,K,Ti,Na and Ba were higher in the samples collected by the two methods;Through the comparison of the elements by the two sampling methods in this study and other cities,it is proved the overall trend of the elements is the same,but there is a big difference in the content.The results of coefficient of divergence showed that the overall elemental characteristics of the two sampling methods must not be similar;tworelated samples nonparametric test and curve fitting of samples showed significant differences in the contents of other elements except Cr,Cs,Cu,and Tl,by analyzing elements with significant differences through curve fitting,correlation between the components of the two sampling methods can be obtained.