县域尺度下安徽省耕地质量定级研究——以金安区为例

Study on the grading of cultivated land quality in anhui province at the county scale——taking jin'an district as an example

耕地质量定级是实现对土地自然经济区位属性进行综合评价管理,科学量化耕地数量、质量及分布情况的重要手段。本研究以金安区为例,确定坡度、灌溉保证率、土壤污染状况、中心城镇影响度等21个因子为必选因子,地形部位和土壤养分状况为备选因子,通过特尔斐法获得因子权重,基于网络分析、耗费路径等GIS分析工具,运用衰减法、均值度法与最大最小值法等确定因子分值,计算定级指数。检验发现金安区耕地质量经济效益与耕地定级指数的相关性分析达极显著性水平,根据总分频率曲线法划定级别得出金安区耕地共划分为四个级别。研究结果表明:金安区耕地主要以二级地为主,占全县耕地的48.36%,以三十铺镇最多;一、三级耕地次之,分别占21.91%与29.09%;四级地最少,只有0.64%。耕地总体质量较好。同时,金安区耕地级别呈现出明显的空间分布规律,东高西低,北高南低,与路网密度、城镇化水平、灌溉条件与地形关联密切且级别也反映出耕地在利用方式上的差异。

Cultivated land is the basis of human agricultural production activities,and its quality determines the production capacity of cultivated land.The Jin'an district research area determines21factors such as slope,irrigation guarantee rate and central urban influence degree as the mandatory factors.The topographical position and soil nutrient status are the alternative factors.The factor weight is obtained by Delphi method.The grading unit calculates the grading index.The research results show that the correlation between the economic benefits of cultivated land quality and the grading index of cultivated land in Jin'an district is extremely significant.According to the total score frequency curve method,the arable land in Jin'an district is obtained.It is divided into four levels.The cultivated land in Jin'an District is mainly Grade II,accounting for48.36%of the cultivated land in the county,with the most in the30th town;the first and third grades are the second,accounting for21.91%and29.09%respectively;the fourth level is the least,only0.64%.The overall quality of cultivated land is good.At the same time,the cultivated land level in Jin'an district showed obvious spatial distribution pattern,which was low in the east,low in the west,high in the north and low in the south.It was closely related to road network density,urbanization level,irrigation conditions and topography,and the level also reflected the difference in utilization mode of cultivated land.