焊接电弧行为特征和稳定性评价研究与进展

Research and progress on behavior characteristics and stability evaluation of welding arc

电弧是最常用的焊接热源,对焊接电流和电弧电压的动态变化规律、电弧形态及其动态行为和特征参数等进行研究和分析,可实现对焊接过程稳定性的评价和有效控制,有助于提高焊接制造的智能化水平、焊缝成形和焊接接头质量。归纳总结了国内外学者在分析处理焊接电流和电弧电压信号以对焊接工艺稳定性进行评价、基于视觉传感和图像处理的电弧燃烧和熔滴过渡行为表征和定量分析、焊接电弧数值模拟等方面的研究和发展,以期对焊接电弧及其动态行为特征的研究方法、现状有一个全面和充分的认识,促进研究工作的深入开展和在工程实际的广泛应用。

Electric arc is the most common applied welding heat source. The dynamic variation of welding current and arc voltage,the shape,dynamic behavior and characteristic parameters of welding arc were studied and analyzed,which could be used to evaluate the arc stability and control effectively the welding process,and are helpful to improve the intelligence level of welding manufacturing and the quality of weld appearance and welded joint. In this paper,the research and progress in several aspects,made by scholars at home and abroad,were summarized,such as the signal analysis and processing on the welding current and arc voltage to evaluate the stability of welding process,characterize and quantitative analyze the behavior of arc burning and molten droplet transfer based on the visual sensing and image processing,the numerical simulation of welding arc,and so on. It is expected to have a comprehensive and sufficient understanding on the research methods and current situation to the welding arc and its dynamic behavior characteristics,and to promote the further development of research work and widen the application in engineering practice.