海上石油的泄漏与防治

Leakage and Treatment Methods of Offshore Oil

石油是国家经济发展的命脉。人类对于石油资源需求日益增加,大量石油的开采、运输和使用,也导致海上石油泄漏事故频发,海洋石油污染空前严重。石油泄漏入海,不仅使稀缺的石油资源浪费,造成经济损失,还会对海洋生态环境造成破坏。本文系统地综述了海上石油泄漏的途径,溢油的危害、常见的海上石油泄漏的物理、化学处理方法,以及提出了对海上石油污染的长远防治措施。

oil is the lifeblood of the national economic development.With the increasing demand for oil resources,the exploitation,transportation and use of a large amount of oil also lead to frequent oil leaks in the sea,and the pollution of offshore oil is unprecedented.The oil spill into the sea will not only cause the waste of scarce oil resources,but also damage the marine ecological environment.This paper systematically summarizes the ways of offshore oil leakage,the harm of spilled oil,the physical and chemical treatment methods of common offshore oil leaks,and the long-term prevention and control measures for offshore oil pollution.