玉米-豆粕-植酸酶型日粮钙水平对京红1号蛋鸡产蛋后期生产性能、蛋品质的影响

Effects of Dietary Calcium Levels in Corn-soybean-phytase Diets on Production Performance and Egg Quality in Late Period of Jinghong 1 Laying Hens

本试验通过饲养试验研究了京红1号商品代蛋鸡产蛋后期钙的适宜需要量,旨在为京红1号商品代蛋鸡营养标准的制定提供一定的基础数据。采用单因子试验设计,选用52周龄的京红1号蛋鸡360只,随机分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复15只鸡,饲喂玉米-豆粕-植酸酶型基础日粮,4个处理的钙水平分别为2.91%、3.94%、4.38%和4.98%,试验期6周。试验期间每天记录蛋鸡产蛋数、蛋重和不合格蛋数,每周以重复为单位统计采食量。试验结束时,每个重复取3枚鸡蛋测定蛋品质。结果表明:(1)不同钙水平对蛋鸡平均日产蛋率、平均蛋重、平均日产蛋量、平均日采食量和料蛋比的影响均不显著(P>0.05),但3.94%处理组料蛋比和平均日采食量相对于其他处理组都有所降低;3.94%处理组的破损蛋率显著低于4.38%和4.98%处理组(P<0.05);(2)不同钙水平日粮对蛋壳厚度影响显著(P<0.05),4.38%处理组蛋壳厚度显著高于2.91%和4.98%处理组(P<0.05),3.94%处理组显著高于4.98%处理组(P<0.05);3.94%处理组的蛋壳强度最大,蛋壳比例最适宜,但二者在各个处理间差异不显著(P>0.05);(3)通过建立蛋壳厚度与日粮钙水平间的回归关系估测日粮最佳钙水平为3.84%。综合本试验结果,在饲喂玉米—豆粕—植酸酶型基础日粮条件下,3.84%～3.94%钙水平日粮能改善京红1号蛋鸡产蛋后期蛋壳厚度、提高蛋重、降低破损蛋率,有利于其生产性能的发挥。

In this experiment,suitable calcium requirements in Jinghong 1 commercial laying hens were studied through feeding experiments to provide certain basic data for the formulation of nutritional standards in Jinghong 1 commercial laying hens.Single-factor test design was used for the experiment.360 Jinghong 1 layers at age of 52 weeks were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 15 layers per replicate.Corn-soybean-phytasebasic diets were fed in this experiment.Dietary calcium levels were 2.91%,3.94%,4.38%and 4.98%,respectively.And the trial period was 6 weeks.The number of laying eggs,egg weight and the number ofunqualified eggs were recorded every day during the experiment,and the feed intake was counted by repetition every week.At the end of the experiment,3 eggs were taken from each replicate to measure egg quality.The results showed that:(1) Different calcium levels had no significant difference on egg production rate,average egg weight,daily egg production,average daily feed intake and feed-egg ratio(P>0.05).But feed-egg ratio and the average daily feed intake in the 3.94%group were lower than those in other groups,and the broken egg rate in the 3.94% treatment group was significantly lower than that in the 4.38%and 4.98% groups(P<0.05).(2)Different calcium level diets had significant effect on eggshell thickness(P<0.05).The 4.38% group was significantly higher than the 2.91% and 4.98% groups(P<0.05),and the 3.94% group was significantly higher than the 4.98% group(P<0.05).The eggshell intensity of 3.94% group was the highest,and the eggshell ratio in this group was the most suitable,but there was no significant difference among all the treatments(P>0.05).(3)Through establishing a regression relationship between eggshell thickness and dietary calcium levels,the optimal dietary calcium level was estimated to be 3.84%.Based on the results of this experiment,under the condition of feeding corn-soybean-phytasebasic diets,3.84% to 3.94% calcium level diets could improve egg shell thickness,increase egg weight and reduce broken egg rate in late period of Jinghong 1 laying hens,and were beneficial to the production performance.