不同猪种ADIPOQ基因外显子2多态性及其与山西白猪体重和体尺性状的关联分析

Polymorphism of Adiponectin Gene Exon 2 in Different Pig Breeds and Its Relationship with Body Weights and Body Measurements in Shanxi White Pig

本研究旨在检测猪脂联素(adiponectin,ADIPOQ)基因外显子2的多态性,并分析其对山西白猪体重和体尺性状的影响。采用PCR-SSCP技术检测了长白猪、大白猪、杜洛克猪、山西白猪、山西黑猪和马身猪6个猪种392个个体ADIPOQ基因外显子2的多态性,并采用GLM程序分析了ADIPOQ基因外显子2多态性与山西白猪体重和体尺性状的关联性。结果显示,在ADIPOQ基因外显子2的89bp处检测到G→A错义突变,引起缬氨酸(Val)向异亮氨酸(Ile)的转变。ADIPOQ基因外显子2存在3种基因型:AA、AB、BB,2个等位基因:A和B。杜洛克猪中只有BB基因型,长白猪、大白猪、山西白猪和山西黑猪中BB基因型为优势基因型,马身猪中AA基因型频率最高。在引入品种长白猪、大白猪和杜洛克猪中B等位基因为优势等位基因,基因频率分别为0.96、0.96和1.00;在地方品种马身猪中A等位基因频率(0.52)略高于B等位基因(0.48);在培育品种山西白猪和山西黑猪中B等位基因频率分别为0.76和0.78,介于引入猪种和地方品种之间。基因型频率分布在马身猪、山西白猪和山西黑猪之间无显著差异(P>0.05),杜洛克猪与长白猪、大白猪间差异均不显著(P>0.05),而长白猪和大白猪间差异显著(P<0.05),任意一个引入品种与马身猪、山西白猪和山西黑猪之间的差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。ADIPOQ基因外显子2多态性对断奶重有显著影响,其中BB基因型个体28日龄断奶重显著高于AA和AB基因型(P<0.05),AA和AB基因型间无显著差异(P>0.05),但对其他性状无显著影响,说明该位点只在个体发育早期阶段起作用。

This study was aimed to investigate the polymorphism of adiponectin(ADIPOQ)gene exon 2 and its correlation on body weights and body sizes in Shanxi White pig.A total of 392 pigsfrom Landrace pig,Large White pig,Duroc pig,Shanxi White pig,Shanxi Black pig and Mashen pig populations were used to detect the polymorphism of ADIPOQgene exon 2 by PCR-SSCP,and the association of the SNPs on body weights and body sizes in Shanxi White pig was analyzed by GLM.The results showed that there was a missense mutation of G→A at 89 bp of ADIPOQ gene exon 2,which resulted in the change of amino acid from valine(Val)to isoleucine(Ile).There were three genotypes(AA,AB and BB)and two alleles(A and B)at this site.There was only BB genotype in Duroc pig,and the advantageous genotype was also BB genotype in Landrace pig,Large White pig,Shanxi White pig and Shanxi Black pig,while AA genotype frequency in Mashen pig was greater than AB and BB genotypes.In the imported pig breeds such as Landrace pig,Large White pig and Duroc pig,the frequency of the dominant allele B were 0.96,0.96,and1.00,respectively.In Chinese domestic Mashen pig,the frequency of allele A(0.52)was little greater than that of allele B(0.48).The frequency of allele B in Shanxi White pig and Shanxi Black pig were 0.76 and 0.78,respectively.The genotype distribution among Mashen pig,Shanxi White pig and Shanxi Black pig was not significant(P>0.05),there was no significant difference between Duroc pig and Landrace pig or Duroc pig and Large White pig(P>0.05),however,the difference of genotype distribution between Landrace pig and Large White pig was significant(P<0.05).Comparing to the imported breeds with Chinese domestic Mashen pig and the composite populations of Shanxi White pig and Shanxi Black pig,the genotype distribution difference of each other was extremely significant(P<0.01).The effect of the SNP in exon 2 of ADIPOQ gene on weaning weight was significant,the weaning weight at 28-day-old of BB genotype individuals was significantly greater than those of AA and AB genotypes(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between AA and AB genotypes(P>0.05).The effect of this polymorphic site on other traits was not significant,which indicated that it mainly played role at early stage of pig growth and development.