天然免疫系统新兴免疫检查点的相关研究进展

Progress in research on emerging immune checkpoints in innate immune system

传统的免疫检查点抑制剂(抗CTLA-4和抗PD-1/PD-L1)靶向免疫稳态系统触发更强的免疫应答来抗肿瘤,已成为一线晚期肿瘤的治疗策略,但这些药物仅在少数适应证患者中有效。靶向新兴的免疫调节来激活自身抗肿瘤免疫反应的策略已成为趋势。本综述对新兴免疫靶点的基础研究与临床试验的报道提出一个简单的总结。将讨论先天性免疫系统的共抑制/刺激标志物:(1)巨噬细胞标记:CD40、CD47/信号调节蛋白α(SIRP),吲哚胺-2,3-双加氧酶(IDO)和唾液酸结合性免疫球蛋白样凝集素(Siglecs)。(2)自然杀伤细胞标记:CD160/MHCⅠ和杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体(KIR)家族和人类白细胞抗原G(HLA-G)。最后,我们简要地总结当前的研究进展及治疗策略。

The first generation of immune checkpoint inhibitors(anti-CTLA-4and anti-PD-1/PD-L1)targeted the immune homeostasis pathway to drive a stronger immune response to anti-tumor that has became a first-line therapy strategies for some advanced cancers,but these agents are efficacious in only a minority of patients.Newer strategies to target emerging immunomodulatory to activate patients′own anti-tumor immune responses have become a trend.This review presents a brief summary of basic research and clinical trials of emerging immune targets.The co-suppression and costimulatory markers of the innate immune system will be discussed:①Macrophage markers:CD40,CD47/Signal Regulatory Proteinα(SIRPα),Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase(IDO)and Sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins(Siglecs).②Natural killer cell markers:CD160/MHCⅠand the Killer Immunoglobulin-like receptor(KIR)family and Human Leukocyte Antigen G(HLA-G).Finally,we briefly summarize the current research advances and treatment strategies for these cancer immunotherapies.