铵态氮对雪菊生长、产量及代谢产物的影响

Effects of Ammonium Nitrogen on the Growth,Yield and Metabolites of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.

以雪菊种子为材料,选用铵态氮[(NH_4)_2SO_4]为供试肥料,采用盆栽试验,按照完全随机区组设计,设置7个铵态氮处理水平,分别为0、0.05、0.10、0.15、0.20、0.25、0.30g/kg营养土,研究不同铵态氮处理对雪菊生长、产量及代谢产物的影响。结果显示,不同铵态氮处理对雪菊生长、产量、不同部位代谢产物均有一定的影响。施铵态氮量为0.3g/kg营养土时雪菊的生长、产量、可溶性蛋白质含量表现最好,每株鲜花产量为52.85g,花序中可溶性蛋白质含量为88.11mg/g;施铵态氮量为0g/kg营养土时雪菊花序中的总黄酮含量最高,达到11.51%;施铵态氮量为0.05g/kg营养土时雪菊的可溶性糖含量最高,达15.78%,铵态氮量为0.05g/kg营养土时雪菊叶片中的绿原酸含量最高,达8.70mg/g;施铵态氮量为0.10g/kg营养土时花序绿原酸含量最高,达5.22mg/g。本试验结果表明,少施或不施铵态氮对改善雪菊品质效果显著,以追求更高品质的雪菊为出发点,结合多种作物实际生产情况,在雪菊生产中按照耕作层20cm以内的深度进行施肥,施用铵态氮肥的量为0～0.1g/kg营养土。

The purpose of this project is to study the effects of different ammonium nitrogen treatments on the growth,yield and metabolites of Coreopsis tinctoria in to the hope of providing theoretical basis for high quality cultivation of Coreopsis tinctoria.Taking the Coreopsis tinctoria seeds as the material,ammonium nitrogen〔(NH4)2SO4〕was selected as the test fertilizer,and the pot experiment was used.According to the completely randomized block design,seven ammonium nitrogen treatment levels were set,which were0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20,0.25,0.30g/kg nutrient soil,respectively.The results showed that different ammonium nitrogen treatments had some effects on the growth,yield and metabolites of different parts of Coreopsis tinctoria.The growth,yield and soluble protein content of Coreopsis tinctoria were the best when the ammonium nitrogen content was0.3g/kg.The yield per flower was52.85g,and the soluble protein content in the inflorescence was88.11mg/g.When the ammonium nitrogen content was0g/kg nutrient soil,the total flavonoid content in the Coreopsis tinctoria order was the highest,reaching11.51%.When the ammonium nitrogen amount was0.05g/kg nutrient soil,the soluble sugar content of Coreopsis tinctoria was the highest,reaching15.78%.When the ammonium nitrogen content was0.05g/kg nutrient soil,the chlorogenic acid content in the leaves of Coreopsis tinctoria was the highest,reaching8.70mg/g;when the ammonium nitrogen amount was0.10g/kg,the inflorescence chlorogenic acid content was the highest,up to5.22mg/g.The results of this experiment show that the application of less or no ammonium nitrogen has a significant effect on improving the quality of Coreopsis tinctoria.Therefore,in order to pursue a higher quality of Coreopsis tinctoria,the amount of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer applied in the production process of snow chrysanthemum was0~0.1g/kg nutrient soil according to the depth of20cm in tilling layer.