平贝母生育期矿质元素变化规律

Changes of Mineral Elements in the Growth Stages of Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim.

对平贝母不同生育时期的矿质元素含量进行测定,研究不同生育期营养元素的变化规律,以期为平贝母合理施肥提供科学依据和指导。测试结果显示,平贝母茎叶和鳞茎中各种矿质元素即有相似的变化规律,也有其独特的变化规律。整个生育期茎叶和鳞茎中的N、P、K含量总体上呈下降趋势,最高含量为出苗期(4月3日),分别为52.18mg/g、9.04mg/g、19.93mg/g和21.92mg/g、6.84mg/g、9.61mg/g;最低含量为枯萎期(6月2日),分别为16.93mg/g、1.67mg/g、12.83mg/g和13.92mg/g、1.15mg/g、5.19mg/g。茎叶和鳞茎中的Ca、Mg、Fe元素含量的变化总体上表现为低高低的趋势,只有茎叶中的Ca为前期低后期一直高。平贝母茎叶和鳞茎中的Mn、Cu、Zn含量少,开花期茎叶中Mn和Zn含量相对较高,结果期Mg含量相对较高。平贝母茎叶和鳞茎中大量元素N、P、K之间呈极显著(P <0.01)或显著正相关(P <0.05),说明N、P、K之间存在增效作用;茎叶中的Ca与N、K和P分别呈极显著负相关(P <0.01)和显著负相关(P <0.05),表明Ca对N、K和P存在一定的拮抗作用。

This study examined the content of mineral elements in different growth stages of Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim..The results revealed that the N,P and K in the stems,leaves and bulbs showed a downward trend in the whole growth period.The highests were in the emergence stage(April3rd),which are52.18mg/g,9.04mg/g,19.93mg/g and21.92mg/g,6.84mg/g,9.61mg/g respectively.The lowests were in the withering stage(June2nd),which are16.93mg/g,1.67mg/g,12.83mg/g and13.92mg/g,1.15mg/g,5.19mg/g,respectively.Generally,the Ca,Mg and Fe in the stems,leaves and bulbs showed a downward trend,whileCa in stems and leaves was low in early stage and high in late.The Mn,Cu and Zn were low in stems,leaves and bulbs,relatively.The Mn and Zn in stems and leaves were relatively high at flowering stage,and Mg was high in the last stage.The N,P and K in stems,leaves and bulbs showed a positive correlations,indicating the synergistic effect of N,P and K.Negative correlations were found between Ca and N,K and P in stems and leaves,respectively,indicating that Ca had some antagonistic effects on N,K and P.