果树落花落果机制研究进展

Overview of Flower and Fruit Drop Mechanism of Fruit Trees

果树普遍存在落花落果现象,严重的落花落果会造成产量大幅度下降和经济损失。造成落花落果的因素错综复杂,近些年对于花序和果实脱落机制的研究成果为提高坐果率提供了重要线索。本文主要从造成落花落果的因素进行了概述,主要有果树品种差异、花器官发育、内源激素含量等内因以及环境影响、营养条件等外因;此外,还介绍了落花落果在形态学和分子生物学上的研究手段;对山葡萄小青粒研究提出了展望。

Flower and fruit abortion is the common phenomenon in fruit trees,and the serious abortion condition will cause the sharp drop in output and economic losses,the reason for abortion is complicated.This article mainly discussed the factors causing the flower and fruit abortion,include the internal factors:varieties’differences,floral organ development,endogenous hormone;the exterior factors:environmental effects,nutritional conditions and other external factors are outlined.This paper also introduces research methods of the flower and fruit abortion mainly about morphological and molecular biological,which provide reference for increasing the fruit setting rate and analysis formation mechanismof green grain in Amur grape.