桩式桥梁防船撞设施设计方法研究

Study on the Design Methodology of Pile Structures for Protecting Bridge Against Ship Collision

由于桩式防护装置基本上不与桥墩接触,撞击能量主要通过桩弯曲产生的水平变形承担吸收船体的动能,传统的撞击力控制防撞设计方法不太适用于桩式防撞装置.防撞桩主要考虑船舶撞击载荷,与现有桥梁桩规范设计中校核载荷不同.此外,从经济性角度在保障桥梁安全的情况下,防撞桩可以允许局部小的永久变形,如果采用桥梁规范对防撞桩进行设计会使结构尺寸偏于保守.通过参数敏感度分析选择优化参数,采用试验设计方法和有限元变分技术降低计算量,优化防撞结构的尺寸,并对最终方案采用显式有限元法分析船体对防撞装置的撞击过程,验证防撞装置整体设计方案的合理性.

Since the pile-type protection device is basically not in contact with the pier,and the energy of ship is absorbed by the deformation of pile bend,t he traditional impact force control anti-collision design method is not very suitable for the pile-type anti-collision device.Anti-collision piles mainly consider ship impact load,which is also different from the checking load in the current bridge pile design specification.In addition,considering the economic cost,the anti-collision piles can allow local small permanent deformation under the condition of ensuring the safety of the bridge.If the current bridge code is used to design the anti-collision piles,the structure size will be conservative.Through parameter sensitivity analysis,the optimization parameters were selected,and the test design method and finite element variation technology were used to reduce the calculation amount and optimize the size of the collision avoidance structure.The explicit finite element method was used to analyze the collision process of the hull to the collision avoidance device and verify the rationality of the overall design scheme of the collision avoidance device.