不同栽培方式对春马铃薯产量和经济效益的影响

Effects of Different Cultivation Ways on Yield and Economic Benefit of Spring Potato

以中薯5号为供试马铃薯品种,采用免耕覆草栽培、免耕覆草覆膜栽培、翻耕覆草覆膜栽培和翻耕覆膜栽培等4种栽培方式,考察了不同栽培方式下春马铃薯的产量、经济性状和效益。结果表明:地膜覆盖能明显提高春马铃薯的产量和效益;免耕栽培有利于提早出苗,提高大中薯比例和单薯重;覆草栽培能降低收获劳动强度;免耕覆草覆膜栽培具有促进成熟、提高产量、省工节本等诸多优势,且稻草还田有利于培肥地力,实现秸秆综合利用,具有良好的推广应用前景。

Taking Zhongshu No.5 as a potato test variety,four cultivation methods,namely,no-tillage and straw mulching cultivation,no-tillage with straw mulching cultivation and film mulching cultivation,ploughing with straw mulching cultivation and film mulching cultivation,ploughing and film mulching cultivation,were used to investigate the yield,economic characteristics and benefits of spring potatoes under different cultivation methods.The results showed that plastic film mulching could significantly increase the yield and benefit of spring potatoes,and no-tillage cultivation was conducive to early emergence and increase the proportion of large and medium potatoes and single potato weight.Straw mulching can reduce the harvest labor intensity.No-tillage,straw mulching and film mulching cultivation has many advantages,such as promoting maturity,increasing yield,saving labor and cost,and straw returning to the field is conducive to fertilizing soil,realizing the comprehensive utilization of straw,which has a good application prospect.