六苯氧基环三磷腈阻燃PC/ABS合金及其高性能化研究

Flame Retardancy and High Performance of PC/ABS/HPCTP

采用熔融挤出法制备了阻燃聚碳酸酯/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(PC/ABS)合金材料。利用热失重分析仪、氧指数测试仪、垂直燃烧仪、锥形量热仪、电子万能试验机和冲击试验机研究了相容剂马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯共聚物(PE-g-MAH)以及阻燃剂六苯氧基环三磷腈(HPCTP)的加入对PC/ABS合金材料的热稳定性、阻燃性能和力学性能的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜对材料的残炭形貌进行分析。结果表明,当PC/ABS的质量比为7/3,以PE-g-MAH为相容剂,且HPCTP添加量为15%时,阻燃PC/ABS合金材料的综合性能最好,其极限氧指数为26.4%,热释放速率峰值及热释放总量达到最小值,且能够达到UL 94V-0级,拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度分别为55MPa和32.9kJ/m^2。

The flame-retardantcompounds based on polycarbonate(PC)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer(ABS)alloys and hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene(HPCTP)were prepared by a melt extrusion method,and the effects of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride(PE-g-MAH)and HPCTP on the thermal stability,flame-retardant performance and mechanical properties of PC/ABS alloys were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis,limited oxygen index(LOI),vertical burning experiment,cone calorimeter test,electronic universal testing machine and impact testing machine.Furthermore,the morphology of residual char was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy after combustion of PC/ABS alloys,and the relevant flame-retardant mechanisms were discussed.The results indicated that the flame retardant PC/ABS alloys achieved the optimum comprehensive properties by using PE-g-MAH as a compatibilizer when the mass ratio of PC/ABS was set to7/3and the content of HPCTP set as15wt%.In this case,the PC/ABS alloy obtained an LOI of26.4vol%.Furthermore,the PC/ABS alloys achieved the minimum values in heat release rate and total heat release as well as a V-0classification in the vertical burning experiment.The alloys also gained the tensile strength of55MPa and the notched impact strength of32.9kJ/m^2.