论人工智能的法律人格:一种法哲学思考

On the Legal Personality of AI

人工智能是否具有法律人格的问题,是解决人工智能所引起的诸多法律前沿争议的一大关键。从人工智能发展的趋势看,人工智能具有"近人性",这决定了人工智能法律人格本质上之有无;从法律史的角度看,法律人格是一种社会建构,认可人工智能的法律人格并不以"人工智能是人"为前提;从人工智能的现状看,其已开始具有独立影响他人权利义务的能力,考虑认可人工智能的法律人格已具有一定的现实意义。面对人工智能的飞速发展,我们有必要对认可人工智能的法律人格保持一种开放性态度。

Whether the AI has legal personality or not is a key to solve many legal frontier disputes caused by AI.From the development trend of AI,AI has“near humanity”,which determines the nature of AI legal personality;from the perspective of legal history,legal personality is a social construction and the recognition of AI legal personality is not based on“AI is human”;from the current situation of AI,it has begun to have the ability to independently influence the rights and obligations of others.Considering the legal personality of AI has certain practical significance,so in the face of the rapid development of artificial intelligence,it is necessary for us to maintain an open attitude towards the recognition of AI’s legal personality.