消费文化视域下欧美设计界的新手艺运动及其理念

On the New Craft Movement and Its Ideas in European and American Design Circles from the Perspective of Consumer Culture

20世纪80年代后欧美发达国家进入所谓的后工业社会,符号化的消费文化兴起,消费领域发生了阶层分化,部分阶层对产品提出了个性化设计和限量生产的需求。在此背景下,设计再次和手工艺联姻,手工生产的设计产品大量出现,并在欧美兴起了"设计师—造物人运动"和家具领域的"手工艺复兴运动"。这两次设计领域的新手艺运动并不是简单的复兴传统的手工艺,而是运用手工艺创造新的设计形式,探索新材料、新工艺在设计中应用的可能性,并产生了相应的设计理念。在这一时期,女性设计师也打破了男性设计师一统天下的局面,在日用品设计领域展开了诸多的设计实验。

After the1980s,developed countries in Europe and the United States entered the so-called post-industrial society,in which symbolic consumer culture emerged.There was a class differentiation in the consumer field,and some of the classes demanded individualized design and limited production.In this context,the design once again merged with the craftsmanship,and the hand-made design products appeared in large numbers,and the"designer-creator movement"and the"handicraft revival movement*in the furniture field were launched in Europe and America.The new craft movements in these two design fields are not simply reviving traditional handicrafts.Instead,they use handicrafts to create new forms of design,explore the possibilities of applying new materials and new processes in design,and produce corresponding design concepts.During this period,female designers also broke the situation that male designers dominated the world,and carried out many design attempts in the field of daily necessities design.