由批评到运用——解放前冯友兰对于唯物史观的态度转变

From Criticism to Application——The Changing of Feng Youlan's Attitudes towards the Materialistic Conception of History before Liberation

中华人民共和国成立以前,冯友兰对于马克思主义唯物史观的态度存在着一个由反对到接受,最终开始运用的转变过程。早年的冯友兰对唯物史观有所批判,主张人之意欲的决定性作用。在《中国哲学史》当中,冯友兰开始尝试在研究中融入唯物史观的部分观点,并将中西文化差异解释为古今差异。随后,冯友兰集中运用唯物史观在《新事论》中对中国的时代问题进行了深入的阐发,由此为中西文化问题找到了合理的答案,将中西差异定性为社会类型差异。

Before the founding of New China,Feng Youlan’s attitudes towards Marxism materialistic conception of history had undergone the transitional process from objection to acceptance,and finally beginning to apply it.In the early years,Feng Youlan criticizes materialistic conception of history and advocates the decisive role of human desire.In The History of Chinese Philosophy,Feng Youlan tries to incorporate some viewpoints of historical materialism into his research,and interprets the cultural differences between China and the West as ancient and modern differences.Subsequently,Feng Youlan elaborates the issues of the times in China in the book On New Things by using historical materialism,thus finding a reasonable answer to the question of Chinese and Western culture,and arguing that the crucial differences China and the West are the differences of social types.