钱玄同笔下的1920年北高师校长风潮——兼论五四后至北伐前夕的校长风潮

Qian Xuantong on the Presidential Controversy at Peking National Teachers College in 1920:Presidential Controversies from the May Fourth Movement to the Northern Expedition

五四运动后至北伐前夕,教育界风潮不断,其中1920年北高师校长风潮的影响较大,除牵动陈宝泉、陶孟和、蒋梦麟等教育界名流,更涉及北大、北高师乃至江苏省教育会。关于此次风潮,作为近距离观察者的钱玄同在致周作人的信函中透露了重要信息,本文对该函的解读为考察风潮背后的因素提供了宝贵的线索,由此得以管窥教育界相关各方包括江苏省教育会、章门弟子及马叙伦等人与此次风潮的微妙关系,可以看到这一时期的校长风潮大抵与大学的办学模式、人事关系、政局变动以及社会整体变迁等因素相关。

One of the most,important controversies in education from the May Fourth Movement to the Northern Expedition concerns the presidential controversy at Peking National Teachers College in1920,an incident that,involved illustrious educators such as Chen Baoquan,Tao Menghe and Jiang Menglin.It even affected Peking University,Peking National Teachers College and Jiangsu Educational Association.As a close witness of this controversy,Qian Xuantong revealed very important information in the letters to Zhou Zuoren.Interpreting these letters provides precious clues to the explanation of this presidential controversy at Peking National Teachers College.This paper reveals the subtle relationships between the controversy and the Jiangsu Educational Association as well as the disciples of Zhang Taiyan and Ma Xulun.This incident further brings to light that similar contemporary controversies were associated with different modes of education,interpersonal relations,political upheaval,and social changes.