低压、耐污纳滤膜分离技术现状及展望

Status and Prospects of Low-pressure and Anti-fouling Nanofiltration Membrane Separation Technology

纳滤膜是一种新兴的过滤分离技术.文章简述了纳滤膜分离机制及发展趋势,综述了针对同质化纳滤膜材料跨膜压力高、耐污染性能差问题的现有改性技术方法及原理.研究表明,利用一些无机或聚电解质材料对膜材料本体或表面改性,向膜材料中引入亲水基团,可以降低跨膜压力,有效缓解膜污染问题.

Nanofiltration is a new filtration separation technology.The separation mechanism and the development trend of nanofiltration membrane are briefly described.The methods and principles of the existing modification techniques for high transmembrane pressure and poor contamination resistance of homogenous nanofiltration membrane materials are reviewed in this paper.The results have shown that using inorganic or polyelectrolyte materials to modify the bulk or surface of the membrane material and introducing hydrophilic groups into the membrane material can reduce the transmembrane pressure and alleviate membrane fouling problems effectively.