330名大学生器官捐献态度及意愿水平分析

Attitude Toward and Willingness of Organ Donation among 330 College Students

目的了解大学生对器官捐献的态度及意愿情况。方法采用方便抽样的方法,于2018年6—8月抽取南京地区7所高校的大学生作为研究对象。采用器官捐献量表中态度和意愿部分对其进行调查。结果本组大学生器官捐献态度为(74.74±21.96)分;不同教育层次和专业的在读大学生,其态度量表中的"认同器官捐献价值"维度得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本组大学生器官捐献意愿得分为(2.35±0.87)分,其中,想过但尚未决定是否愿意捐献器官的学生最多,193名(58.5%);在愿意捐献的器官中,以愿意捐献眼角膜为最多,258名(78.2%);愿意捐献的对象以家人为最多,317名(96.1%);在愿意捐献家人器官的意愿方面,多为不知道,144名(43.6%)。结论大学生的器官捐献态度得分处于中等偏下水平,器官捐献意愿得分处于较低水平;本科、非医学专业大学生"认同器官捐献价值"维度得分最高。建议通过网络媒体宣传、开设生命伦理选修课程、开展系列讲座、开辟校园宣传栏、放映宣传片、鼓励大学生参加志愿服务、开展死亡教育、增加专科学生人文课程比例等方式,改善大学生的器官捐献态度和意愿。

Objectives To investigate the attitude toward and willingness of organ donation among college students.Methods With convenient sampling,students from7colleges in Nanjing were selected from June to August2018and they were survey by using the Organ Donation Scale(the part of attitude and willingness).Results The average score of students’attitude toward organ donation were74.74±21.96;scores from students with different education background and different majors showed statistical significance in the dimension of“approval of the value of organ donation”(P<0.05).The average score of students’willingness of organ donation was2.35±0.87.Most students(193,58.5%)had thought about organ donation but had not yet decided whether they would donate their organs and regarding the organs that they were willing to donate,corneal topped the lists(258,78.2%).Most students wanted to donate their organs to their family members(317,96.1%)and144students of the total had no idea about whether to donate the organs of their family members or not(43.6%).Conclusion The score of attitude toward organ donation of college students is in a mediate or below level and that of willingness of organ donation in a low level.Undergraduates and non-medical students highly recognize organ donation.Thus,it is necessary to carry out education programs among college students through various approaches to improve the attitude toward and willingness of organ donation.