122名护士心理弹性影响因素综合作用的模糊定性比较分析

Combined Effects of Influence Factors of Resilience of 122 Clinical Nurses by fs/QCA

目的分析护士心理弹性的促进因素集,为制定针对性的干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,于2016年10—11月抽取成都市某二级甲等医院护士作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、心理弹性量表对研究对象进行调查,运用模糊定性比较分析研究更易呈现出高心理弹性水平护士具有的人口学特征和职业特征。结果本组护士心理弹性总分为(62.44±15.05)分,55.7%处于中等水平;模糊定性比较分析结果显示,本组护士处于每周夜班频率较高,工作时间较长,个人平均月收入<3 000元的状态;婚姻状况为非未婚状态、每周夜班频率较高、个人平均月收入≥3 000元的护士,与良好的身体健康状态或较高的每周工作时间>10 h的天数组合;婚姻状况为未婚、个人平均月收入<3 000元的护士,与较高的每周夜班频率组合;个人平均月收入<3 000元的护士,与较低的夜班频率和较高的每周工作时间>10 h的天数组合,可产生高的心理弹性水平;只有当几个因素一起提高或改善时,护理人员心理弹性水平才能被提高。结论护士心理弹性现状是其多个影响因素的综合作用;对于不同特征的低心理弹性护理人员,需要制定不同的、具有针对性的提高心理弹性措施;模糊定性比较分析可用于提高护理人员心理弹性的卫生政策等领域的研究。

Objective To evaluate the influence of different factors of resilience of Chinese clinical nurses and to provide theoretical basis for targeted intervention.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out and122clinical nurses were enrolled in a second-class hospital in Chengdu from October to November by cluster sampling and they were surveyed by using the general information questionnaire and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC).The influential factors were analyzed using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fs/QCA).Results The total score of resilience of clinical nurses was(62.44±15.05)and55.7%of the nurses had moderate level of resilience.Fs/QCA showed nurses in the study were with higher frequency of weekly night shift,longer working hours but lower monthly income(<3,000yuan).Higher resilience was observed among nurses being single,with relatively high frequency of night shift and average monthly income more than3,000yuan,being in good health or more workdays with working hour longer than10h;among nurses being single,and with average monthly income less than3,000yuan and with relatively high frequency of night shift and among nurses with average monthly income less than3,000yuan,relatively low frequency of night shift and rmore workdays with working hour longer than10h.Only the improvement of all the factors led to the promotion of resilience of nurses. Conclusion The resilience of clinical nurses is influenced by many factors and various and targeted measures will benefit nurses with lower resilience.Fs/QCA could be used in assessing resilience and offering the candidate optimal solutions to improve the resilience of clinical nurses.