CO_2浓度升高对舞毒蛾生长发育和体内解毒酶及保护酶活性的影响

Effects of Elevated CO_2 Concentration on Growth and Development of Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantridae), as well as on Activities of Detoxifying Enzymes and Protective Enzymes in the Body

【目的】以林业食叶害虫舞毒蛾为对象,研究CO_2浓度升高对个体生长发育、营养利用和体内解毒酶及保护酶的影响。【方法】利用密闭式CO_2人工气候箱研究了不同CO_2浓度(397、550和750μL·L^(-1))对人工饲料饲养舞毒蛾生长发育指标和营养利用的影响,并采用分光光度计法测定CO_2升高对体内保护酶和解毒酶活性的影响。【结果】CO_2浓度升高可延长舞毒蛾卵孵化历期、增加产卵量和孵化率;同时显著延长了幼虫总发育历期,而对蛹和成虫历期影响不显著。CO_2浓度升高可降低舞毒蛾幼虫相对取食率和近似消化率,同时增加食物利用率和食物转化率。750μL·L^(-1) CO_2浓度可显著诱导舞毒蛾幼虫体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,分别比397μL·L^(-1) CO_2浓度处理组增加了32.05%和13.47%;随着CO_2浓度的升高,550μL·L^(-1)和750μL·L^(-1) CO_2浓度下细胞色素P450的活性比397μL·L^(-1)CO_2浓度下分别增加了78.79%和93.50%;谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GST)活性在550μL·L^(-1) CO_2浓度处理下最高,分别比397μL·L^(-1)和750μL·L^(-1)CO_2处理组活性增加71.03%和50.00%(P<0.05)。【结论】CO_2浓度升高能够影响舞毒蛾幼虫生长发育和生理代谢功能,同时舞毒蛾通过改变发育历期、增加食物的利用和转化以及改变体内解毒酶和(或)保护酶活性来维持生长以抵抗高浓度CO_2环境。

【Objective】The present paper aimed to study effects of elevated CO2concentration on the growth and development,nutrient utilization and in vivo detoxifying enzymes and protective enzymes of the serious forest defoliator,Lymantria dispar(Lepidoptera:Lymantridae).【Method】The different CO2concentrations(397,550and750μL·L^-1)were applied in the closed CO2artificial climate chamber,and the effects on growth and development of L.dispar were measured,and the effects on activities of detoxification enzymes and protective enzymes of L.dispar were determined by spectrophotometry.【Result】The elevated CO2concentration was able to prolong the egg hatching period of L.dispar,increased fecundity and hatching rate.At the same time,the elevated CO2concentration significantly prolonged the total larval developmental period,however,it had no significant effects on pupae and adult duration.Increased CO2concentration decreased the relative feeding rate and the approximate digestibility,but increased the food utilization rate and the conversion rate of digested food by L.dispar.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)in L.dispar larval body were significantly induced by750μL·L^-1of CO2concentration,and increased by32.05%and13.47%compared with that at397μL·L^-1CO2concentration,respectively;With the increase of CO2concentration,the activities of cytochrome P450increased by78.79%and93.50%under550μL·L^-1and750μL·L^-1CO2,respectively,compared with that at397μL·L^-1CO2.The GST activities were the highest under550μL·L^-1CO2concentration,which was71.03%and50.00%higher than those in397μL·L^-1and750μL·L^-1treatment groups,respectively.【Conclusion】The elevated CO2concentration can affect the growth and physiological metabolism of the L.dispar larvae.At the same time,L.dispar can resist the high concentration of CO2through changing the developmental duration,increasing the food utilization and transformation,and changing the activities of detoxifying enzymes or/and protective enzymes to achieve the purpose of maintaining life.