原时间、亲亲与权力传承——回应朱刚和黄启祥

Proto-Temporality, Loving the Family-Beloved Ones(Qinqin) and Political Power Inheritance:Response to the Articles of Zhu Gang and Huang Qixiang

现象学时间视野有助于理解儒家的亲亲仁道,却不一定会陷入以时间性来替换亲亲源头的危险,因为这种时间视野比胡塞尔、海德格尔甚至列维那斯的时间观都更彻底地摆脱了个体主义的干扰。而且,这种三时相互补对生的时间观在《周易》的阴阳时间中,获得了更有质感的家庭化的特征,以至于时间与亲亲相互贯通了起来。权力现象学可以解释秦国及秦朝的权力传承现象;儒家驯服权力的方法有阳与阴的两面;权力现象学看到现代民主制的优劣之处;儒家也能够找到吸取教训来改进自身的途径。

Through the horizon of phenomenological temporality,we can understand better the Confucian basic principle-Qinqin or“loving the family-beloved ones”.In doing so,it does not involve necessarily the danger of replacing Qinqin with temporality,if the horizon gets rid of the influence of individualism more radically than that in Husserl,Heidegger and even Levinas’works.Furthermore,the time view featured by the complementary and genetic relations of the three time dimensions may obtain more substantial characteristic of domestication in the yin-yang temporal perspective of The Book of Changes.Therefore,the improved phenomenological temporality is intimately connected with the Qinqin principle.The phenomenology of the inheritance of political power can explain the phenomena of power transmissions in Qin’s history;the Confucian ways of taming political power have the yang and yin dimensions;the power phenomenology is able to distinguish the good and bad sides of democracy;Confucianism may learn the historical lessons and find the ways of improving itself in setting up political structure.